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Treatments
Management of a
child with mental retardation is multidimensional
and highly individualized.
- Treatment of decreased efficiency
of brain
Medication therapy directed at abnormal behavior
is frequently unsuccessful. Treatment with a number
of neuro active drugs has been reported with varying
success. Biological studies in cases of mental
retardation have revealed decrease in the efficiency
of cellular metabolism, especially of brain. It
have also been documented by reduced cerebral
perfusion of brain. So far no way was there to
improve cellular metabolism of brain, hence brain
functioning. A affort by KRASS have come out with
a herbal supplement
which is very useful in improving the cellular
metabolism of brain hence giving an improvement
in functioning of brain and clinical improvement
in these children.
- Treatment of complications
Specific medical complications that occur with
greater frequency among children with developmental
disabilities (e.g., seizure disorders, impairments
of vision or hearing, and nutritional problems)
require accurate diagnosis and prompt management.
Ongoing health surveillance should be guided by
knowledge of the relative risks of specific associated
disorders (e.g., slowly progressive sensorineural
hearing impairment in children with congenital
CMV infection or the development of hypothyroidism,
atlantoaxial instability, conductive hearing loss,
or celiac disease in youngsters with Down syndrome).
- Speech therapy for improving
speech.
- Training - This includes
school training and vocational trainings
Important protective factors include good physical
health, a normal rate of growth, healthy parent-child
attachment, and a cohesive family unit within
a supportive social network. Specialized educational
and therapeutic services are central elements
in the multidisciplinary care of children with
mental retardation. During the adolescent years,
issues related to sexuality, vocational training,
and community living become more prominent.
- Counseling
Finally, the physician has an important
responsibility to ensure the provision of genetic
counseling of the underlying diagnosis.
Collaboration between the primary
care physician and an early intervention service
system (and later with the school) is particularly
important in the management of children with developmental
impairments.
PREVENTION
Number of disorders can be detected
thorough prenatal diagnostic studies such as ultrasound,
amniocentesis, or chorionic villus biopsy.
When specific early treatments are
available for infants with metabolic disorders (such
as phenylketonuria) or structural abnormalities
(such as hydrocephalus), successful prevention requires
prompt diagnosis and sophisticated management.
PROGNOSIS
The outcome is related to the aggressiveness
of treatment, personal motivation, opportunity,
and associated conditions. Many people lead productive
lives while functioning independently; others require
a structured environment to be most successful.
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